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            What happened in dual-use and defence tech that mattered? And what did it mean?   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏   ͏
        
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      <p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong>NEWS</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:200%;margin-bottom:12pt;" class=""><strong>SpaceX acquires xAI</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">SpaceX  <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cq6vnrye06po" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">acquired</a> xAI in a deal that will value the company at $1.25tn. Both businesses are majority owned by Elon Musk.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Musk’s conundrum is that he has entered into competition with OpenAI, Google, Anthropic and other purveyors of capital-intensive technological wizadry. The stated rationale behind the deal is that the companies will work together to launch a fleet of data centres in space.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">But this isn’t about space. The reality is that xAI, like its competitors, is a cash incinerator. Musk is looking to pipe some  SpaceX revenues into xAI to fuel his rivalry with Sam Altman et al.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">That is bad news for my prediction that SpaceX will become the world’s most valuable company.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Although this acquisition has minted the world’s most valuable private company, it will muddle SpaceX’s capital discipline by tying a generationally valuable launch and satellite business to an open-ended race in frontier AI. Infrastructure should not bankroll ego.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>UK gives military more power to shoot down drones</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The security of UK defence sites will be <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-powers-for-defence-personnel-to-defeat-drones-following-doubling-of-incidents-near-bases" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">strengthened</a> as the military is given stronger powers to defeat drones near its bases.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">I have been banging the drum for some time about C-UAS. Regular readers of this newsletter will be familiar with my thesis: the market will be bigger than we think. Probably bigger than the UAS market itself.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Eventually it will be necessary to protect every airport, military base, police station, piece of critical national infrastructure, etc. The list goes on.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Just as drones come in many types and sizes, no single C-UAS methodology will dominate. Defences will be layered and overlapping. Cheap, attributable systems will trump expensive, exquisite ones. Technologies proven in Ukraine will be valued.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">And as the market matures it will be interesting to see how government’s desire for sovereignty manifests. And how sovereignty is even defined.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Quantum computing for missile defence</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">D-Wave, a publicly traded quantum computing company, is <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkoetsier/2026/01/27/quantum-computing-for-missile-defense-10x-faster/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">partnering</a> with Anduril and Davidson Technologies, an American defence modelling and simulation company, to develop a quantum-enabled targeting system.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">What’s surprising here is the timeline. Most of the market, me included, believes that useful quantum computing is still a few years away. But this partnership is explicitly aimed at <em>current</em> missile defence planning.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">For a long time we’ve had  hand-waving on quantum applications in defence. In 2022 the UK MOD partnered with ORCA Computing to investigate putting a quantum computer directly into battlefield tanks. It was ahead of its time, it turns out.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Four years later, this new collaboration focuses on quantum-classical hybrid systems, not pure quantum computing. That points to a near-term deployment model and the possibility that <em>usable</em> quantum computing for defence may be closer than investors assume.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">I am reminded that Silicon Valley itself was born as a defence-industrial ecosystem. Scientists in white coats developed the world’s most advanced technology for military use cases. Are we coming full circle?</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>IonQ acquires SkyWater</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Meanwhile, IonQ, another publicly traded quantum computing company, <a href="https://quantumzeitgeist.com/ionq-skywater-technology-quantum-computing-2/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">acquired</a> SkyWater, a publicly traded semiconductor manufacturer whose foundries are located exclusively in the US.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">IonQ’s strategy is to acquire its way to market domination. Part of its narrative appears to be onshoring of manufacturing and American identity. That is likely to position it favourably with the current US administration.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>FUNDRAISING</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>CesiumAstro</strong>, an American developer of phased-array satellites, <a href="https://www.satellitetoday.com/finance/2026/02/02/cesiumastro-raises-470m-in-growth-capital-ceo-sabripour-calls-it-a-scale-moment/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a $270m Series C  led by&nbsp;<strong>Trousdale Ventures</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Tomorrow.io</strong>, an American company developing a weather intelligence platform and satellite network, <a href="https://www.calcalistech.com/ctechnews/article/rj67r5yvze" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a $175m round co-led by <strong>Stonecourt Capital</strong> and <strong>HarbourVest</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Northwood Space</strong>, an American builder of satellite ground infrastructure, <a href="https://news.crunchbase.com/venture/northwood-space-tech-100m-seriesb-washington-harbour-a16z/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a $100m Series B led by <strong>Washington Harbour Partners</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Overland AI</strong>, an American developer of autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs) for military logistics and reconnaissance, <a href="https://www.therobotreport.com/overland-ai-raises-100m-scale-autonomy-u-s-armed-forces/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a $100m round led by <strong>8VC</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>RADICL</strong>, an American developer of cyber defence products, <a href="https://www.tectonicdefense.com/radicl-raises-31m-series-a/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a $31m Series A led by <strong>Paladin Capital Group</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Avalanche Energy</strong>, an American developer of compact fusion technology for defence and space, <a href="https://techfundingnews.com/avalanche-energy-raises-29m-to-chase-compact-fusion-net-energy-breakthrough/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a $29m round led by&nbsp;<strong>RA Capital Management</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Refute</strong>, a British developer of counter-disinformation technology, <a href="https://resiliencemedia.co/uk-startup-refute-secures-5m-to-take-ai-fight-to-disinformation-campaigns/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">raised</a> a £5m seed round led by <strong>Amadeus Capital Partners</strong>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>JOBS</strong></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Laelaps AI</strong>, a developer of autonomous security solutions, is hiring  a software engineer and a robotics engineer. And several masters thesis projects. Click&nbsp;<a href="https://laelaps.ai/careers" rel="nofollow" style="color:#1d8fb4 !important;">here</a>.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:center;" class=""></p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'Liberation Sans', 'Nimbus Sans L', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-align:center;" class="">Thank you for reading this newsletter.</p>
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